Energy suppliers are not allowed to raise gas prices in fixed‑price contracts when new CO₂ levy rules or green‑gas blending obligations come into force. The Authority for Consumers & Markets (ACM) confirmed this after contacting companies that had included such clauses in their terms, despite offering contracts marketed as fixed.
New rules
Two major policy changes are set to raise energy costs in the coming years. The European ETS‑2 system, which starts on 1 January 2028, requires suppliers to pay for CO₂ emissions from household gas consumption. In addition, the Dutch green‑gas blending obligation is expected to begin on 1 January 2027. This will require suppliers to increase the green gas share gradually. Both measures aim to support sustainability goals but will also increase operational costs for energy companies.
Fixed contracts
ACM’s review showed that some suppliers offered fixed contracts that could still become more expensive once these sustainability rules took effect. According to the regulator, this undermines price certainty for consumers and makes it harder to compare contract options. After ACM intervened, the suppliers involved removed the clauses from their terms.
Exceptions
ACM board member Manon Leijten emphasised that a fixed contract must genuinely guarantee a stable price throughout its entire duration. Price adjustments are only allowed in exceptional circumstances, such as changes to network management costs, energy tax or VAT. These exceptions are strictly defined to protect consumers from unexpected increases.
Sector guidance
The regulator has also issued a sector letter to all energy suppliers, outlining how they must handle upcoming policy changes. This includes guidance on the phase‑out of net metering and other measures that may affect pricing structures in the coming years.
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